Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) has published a comprehensive list of immigration documents that foreign nationals must obtain and maintain to legally live in Canada and avoid enforcement actions, including deportation. The clarification comes as part of ongoing efforts to educate newcomers on the distinction between entry documents and status documents.
Entry Documents vs. Status Documents
According to IRCC, entry documents such as visas and Electronic Travel Authorizations (eTA) allow a traveller to seek admission into Canada at a port of entry, but they do not automatically grant the right to live, work or study in the country. After arrival, immigrants must hold the appropriate status documents based on the purpose of their stay. Failure to maintain valid immigration status or comply with conditions attached to a visa or permit can lead to enforcement action, including removal from Canada.
Key Documents Required for Lawful Residence
IRCC listed 10 key documents recognised for foreign nationals living in Canada:
1. Visa (Temporary Resident Visa)
A Temporary Resident Visa (TRV), also called a visitor visa or counterfoil, is placed inside a traveller's passport and allows them to travel to a Canadian port of entry to seek admission. The visa does not guarantee entry, as border officers make the final decision on arrival.
2. Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA)
Travellers from visa-exempt countries who fly to Canada must generally obtain an eTA, which is electronically linked to the passport and usually valid for up to five years or until the passport expires.
3. Study Permit
International students enrolled at designated learning institutions must hold a valid study permit for programmes lasting more than six months. The permit specifies the institution, travel restrictions and the date the holder must leave Canada.
4. Work Permit
Most foreign nationals require a work permit before taking up employment. The permit outlines the employer, job type, work location and the period of authorised work.
5. Visitor Record
Issued to some temporary visitors who need to extend or limit their stay, the visitor record states conditions attached to their stay and the date by which they must leave. It is not a travel document and cannot be used to re-enter Canada.
6. Temporary Resident Permit (TRP)
IRCC may issue a TRP under exceptional circumstances to individuals who are otherwise inadmissible but have compelling reasons to enter or remain temporarily. These permits are generally valid for six to 12 months.
7. Confirmation of Permanent Residence (CoPR)
People approved for permanent residence receive a CoPR before or upon arrival. It confirms permanent resident status until the Permanent Resident Card is issued.
8. Permanent Resident Card
The PR Card is the primary proof of permanent resident status. Permanent residents travelling outside Canada must normally present both a valid passport and PR card to return.
9. Refugee Protection Identity Document (RPID)
Refugee claimants whose claims have been referred to the Immigration and Refugee Board may receive an RPID, confirming their claim and eligibility for healthcare under the Interim Federal Health Program.
10. Verification of Status (IMM 5009)
Individuals whose original documents are lost, stolen or destroyed may apply for a Verification of Status document, which confirms current immigration status and provides immigration history details.
Important Reminder from IRCC
IRCC emphasises that entry documents and status documents serve different purposes. A visa or eTA allows eligible travellers to seek entry, while permits, permanent resident documents and other status documents prove a person's legal right to remain. Foreign nationals must ensure their documents remain valid and comply with all conditions throughout their stay.
