The Federal Government has expressed concern over the increasing cost of immunisation and has called on scientific experts to provide evidence-based recommendations to guide and ensure the sustainability of Nigeria's vaccination programmes.
Dr Muyi Aina, Executive Director of the National Primary Health Care Development Agency (NPHCDA), made the call during a two-day capacity-building workshop for members of the Nigerian Immunisation Technical Advisory Group (NGI-TAG) in Abuja. He noted that the cost of immunisation programmes is rising rapidly due to population growth, expanded access to previously underserved communities, and the introduction of newer, more expensive vaccines.
Challenges in Vaccination Programmes
Aina observed that despite increased investment, vaccination programmes have stalled in several areas, creating a gap between funding and actual immunisation outcomes. He added that Nigeria's immunisation efforts, including routine vaccination and the polio eradication initiative, have recorded notable progress over the years, particularly in strengthening health systems.
However, he pointed out that discussions are ongoing regarding vaccine choices and cost-efficiency measures, including possible adjustments to pneumococcal, HPV, and measles-rubella vaccines.
“We need to understand the reasons for this disconnect and determine the decisions required as we work toward the sustainability of our vaccination programme,” he said.
Future of Specific Vaccines
Aina further explained that stakeholders are deliberating on the future of certain vaccines. “There are conversations about what to do with the HPV vaccine. There are also questions about the measles-rubella vaccine, whether it should remain part of routine immunisation or be reserved for campaigns, while measles alone continues in routine programmes. The cost differences are significant. However, decisions will not be based solely on economics but on a balance of science and cost-effectiveness,” he said.
He stated that the Federal Government is intensifying efforts to boost domestic financing for immunisation programmes, reduce reliance on external support, and ensure the timely release of funds to prevent vaccine stock-outs.
Strategies for Sustainability
According to him, strategies under consideration include strengthening allocations under the Basic Health Care Provision Fund, deepening partnerships such as agreements with the United States Government, and encouraging greater financial commitment from state governments.
“The government has met its obligations, but we are now focused on increasing domestic financing and ensuring timely fund releases,” Aina added. He reiterated the government's commitment to ensuring that all Nigerian children are vaccinated and that no child is left behind.
Call for Collaboration
Also speaking, Senior Epidemiologist Dr Hadley Ikwe called for sustained collaboration and practical action to strengthen immunisation programmes in Nigeria. Ikwe noted that addressing current challenges requires not only technical expertise but also strong partnerships and a shared commitment to impact.
He added that the workshop is expected to generate practical recommendations to improve implementation. He emphasised the importance of strengthening systems, improving surveillance and data use, enhancing service delivery, and fostering innovation to reach every community.
Ikwe also reaffirmed the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention's commitment to continue supporting government-led health priorities in Nigeria and across the region. According to him, the goal is to build resilient and efficient immunisation programmes that will contribute to a healthier population and stronger communities.
He urged participants to maintain open dialogue and collaboration, expressing confidence that the workshop outcomes will help move the country closer to achieving its public health goals.
